In general, neither the baseline expression nor the ConA-stimulated mRNA expression of cytokines and PPAR-γ were affected by the FA. ConA stimulation increased the expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ, whereas IL-10 decreased. Trans-10, cis-12 is the form most often found in supplements. Trans-9 octadecenoic acid (EA) is produced during catalytic partial hydrogenation in the production of hardened fats and during deodorization of commodity oils, and it is also present in dairy fats ().Trans-11 vaccenic acid (TVA) is a known positional and geometric isomer of oleic acid and is the dietary precursor of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (2,3).
No differences occurred when different FA combinations were tested. There are two major forms (isomers) of CLA, cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12, and various physiological effects are believed to come from each type. The IC 50 values did not differ between the investigated FA, but there were differences within the proliferation in the response of these FA in a concentration range between 20 and 148 µM (e.g., increased proliferation after treatment with lower concentrations of LA). The effect of CLA on atherosclerosis has not been assessed in humans. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed to evaluate the expression of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ in response to cis-9, trans-11 and LA. Background: Animal studies suggest that dietary cis-9, trans-11 (c9,t11) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may inhibit or regress the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the CLA isomers cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12, phytanic acid (PA), linoleic acid (LA) and a fatty acid (FA) mixture (containing 29.8% palmitic acid, 6.7% palmitoleic acid, 17.4% stearic acid and 46.1% oleic acid) on the proliferation of bovine blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro using alamar blue (AB) and 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. In this study we assess effects of supplementation of cis9,trans11 CLA-rich oil on platelet function by measuring not only platelet aggregation but also in. Fatty acids may have an impact on immune functions, which is important in times of increased mobilization of body fat, e.g., around parturition.